Isihlalo (isijamani) lukhona apha
I-Swiss Federal Inkundla kutshanje ekhutshwe a noteworthy isihlalo (scheduled kuba upapasho kwi-esemthethweni iingxelo) malunga yokuba zilawulwe ka-reciprocity ngokumayela - ingqwalasela ka-langaphandle bankruptcy decreesMarjolaine Jakob, umbhali zilandelayo isishwankathelo kwaye izimvo, yi wafumana ngomhla Ngezifundo ka-i-zurich, Faculty Umthetho. Phantsi Swiss ngamazwe bankruptcy umthetho, unikezelo a bankruptcy umlawuli ukuya bankruptcy debtor ke impahla yexabiso ebekwe kwi-Senegal ufuna siphumelele ingqwalasela ye langaphandle bankruptcy ukuze yi-linalo igunya Swiss inkundla. I-ingqwalasela ka-langaphandle bankruptcy ukuze kwaye iziphumo ezinjalo ingqwalasela (kuquka ivula ka-inkqubo esisinyanzelo lwesibini insolvency iingxoxo phezu impahla yexabiso ebekwe kwi-Senegal) ingaba limiselwe ngumthetho unguye. SPILA (Swiss Private wamazwe Ngamazwe Act).
Ngokunxulumene unguye.
isiqendu. omnye lit m SPILA langaphandle bankruptcy umyalelo uya kuba lunxulumano kuvunyelwa ukuba, phakathi kwezinye izinto ezifunwe kwixesha elidlulileyo, reciprocity ngu wanika yi-imeko apho obabukho rendered. Kwi isigqibo Swiss Federal Supreme Inkundla lixoxiwe hereinafter, kwaba disputed nokuba isidutch umthetho unika reciprocity. Unozala inkampani M Ltd, Rotterdam (i-Netherlands), ezenziwe sesi sibini ibango kuyo ityala-restructuring moratorium phezu inkampani B Ltd, Zug (Senegal). Zahlukeneyo ibango waba kuba uninzi inxalenye provisionally ungeniswe yi-etrasti kwaye kuba inxalenye eseleyo contested. Ngo isihlalo-agasti, wesithili inkundla Rotterdam evuliweyo bankruptcy iingxoxo phezu M Ltd. Ngo isihlalo kafebruwari, i-cantonal inkundla Zug iphumeze ukwakhiwa isivumelwano bangena phakathi B Ltd. kwaye creditors. Ngoseptemba, iinqwelo bankruptcy umlawuli (A) ezenziwe sesi sibini isicelo kuba ingqwalasela ka-nonozakuzaku bankruptcy ukuze ka-agasti, ka- kunye cantonal inkundla Zug. Ngo isihlalo ka-oktobha, i-cantonal inkundla Zug ulucimile isicelo kuba ingqwalasela ka-nonozakuzaku bankruptcy ukuze yi-beqiqa ukuba prerequisite ka-reciprocity ayikho wanika yi-Dutch umthetho. Emva ukwaliwa ye-isibheno yi-ephakamileyo ye-Canton Zug, ezenziwe sesi sibini isibheno kwiindawo zasekuhlaleni imicimbi kwi-Swiss Federal Supreme Inkundla kwaye ucele annulment ka-isihlalo ephakamileyo i-Canton ka-Zug, ingqwalasela ka-nonozakuzaku insolvency ukuze ka-agasti, ka- kwaye kwisiphumo yokugqibela, ukuvula ka-lwesibini bankruptcy iingxoxo phezu M Ltd. 's impahla yexabiso ebekwe kwi - Iswitzerland.
I-Swiss Federal Supreme Inkundla le ngaphambi koko meko umthetho, ngokunxulumene apho prerequisite ka-reciprocity uya itolikwa kwi ngokubanzi evakalayo.
Reciprocity ngu wanika ukuba umthetho imeko echaphazelekayo kuqoqoqsho iziphumo ka-Swiss bankruptcy iingxoxo kwi efanayo (kodwa hayi necessarily kwi identical) emidlalo. Ngamanye amazwi, suffices ukuba iinqwelo umthetho kuqoqoqsho i-Swiss bankruptcy ukuze phantsi kweemeko hayi considerably stricter kunokuba abo esekwe Swiss umthetho malunga ingqwalasela ka-langaphandle bankruptcy umyalelo.
kwaye wonyula A njengoko bankruptcy umlawuli
Isigqibo ngaphaya koko le European trend ka-abolishing i-prerequisite ka-reciprocity, awathi kanjalo olubuyiselweyo kwi-Swiss umthetho. Ukususela ngoseptemba, i-Swiss-Mali Yokuthengisa Supervisory Igunya babe aqonde phantsi kweemeko ezithile langaphandle bankruptcy ii-odolo kwaye insolvency amanyathelo pronounced ngokuchasene iibhanki ngaphesheya ngaphandle inkqubo esisinyanzelo ivula ka-lwesibini bankruptcy iingxoxo kwi-Senegal (cf. unguye g isiqendu. u-Swiss Banking Act) kwaye ngaphandle kwemeko apho bankruptcy obabukho rendered ngokumnika reciprocity (cf. unguye ishumi isiqendu. u-umqathango wama-ngomhla we-Banking Insolvencies yi-Swiss-Mali Yokuthengisa Supervisory Igunya). Njengesiphumo salo, Swiss Federal Supreme Inkundla iyavuma ukuba bar akufanele misela eliphezulu kakhulu malunga prerequisite ka-reciprocity apho kuyo? ikhona.
E-Netherlands, ukuvula ka-langaphandle bankruptcy iingxoxo azinako formally lunxulumano kwaye akukho kulandelwe kwaye ngenkxaso iziphumo ka-seizure kwenzeka.
Ngoko ke, ngokunxulumene isidutch umthetho langaphandle bankruptcy umlawuli sele"compete"kunye nezinye creditors, ukususela zabo amalungelo phezu seized impahla yexabiso bamele respected.
Nangona kunjalo, iinqwelo bankruptcy umlawuli ingaba amalungelo intshukumo kwaye ukunyanzeliswa amalungelo kwi-Dutch territory.
Ngaphaya koko, uya kuba nakho ngqo kwi-bankruptcy debtor ke impahla yexabiso ebekwe kwi-Enetherlands.
Ngenxa yoko, isidutch ngamazwe bankruptcy umthetho kubonakala ngathi elinganayo qualitative mimiselo, nangona technically differing fundamentally ukusuka kwi-Swiss ngamazwe bankruptcy umthetho.
Ngokunxulumene isigqibo Swiss Federal Supreme Inkundla, ngokubhekiselele kwi-prerequisite ka-reciprocity, ayinjalo decisive ukuba kulandelwe ingqwalasela ka-langaphandle bankruptcy ukuze kwaye ingxelo yayo yonke liquidation ka-wobulali impahla yexabiso ingaba alien ukuba isidutch ngamazwe bankruptcy umthetho.
Endaweni yoko, umgangatho mutual uncedo ngu decisive.
Ngaphezu koko, i-Swiss Federal Supreme Inkundla iyavuma ukuba langaphandle bankruptcy umlawuli ayikho i worse indawo kodwa presumably kwi-numerous iimeko nkqu engcono indawo kwi-Netherlands kuthelekiswa indawo langaphandle bankruptcy umlawuli kwi-Iswitzerland.
Kwisiphumo bawo, Swiss Federal Supreme Inkundla laququmbela njalo ukuba isidutch umthetho unika reciprocity ngokunxulumene unguye.
isiqendu. omnye lit m SPILA kwaye ngaphandle kokuba eseleyo izinto ezifunwe kwixesha elidlulileyo zizalisekisiwe, isidutch bankruptcy umyalelo uya kuba lunxulumano. Oko sele kufuneka iyamkele ukuba i-Swiss Federal Supreme Inkundla lamkele liberal yokutolika ngokusekelwe a contemporary ukuqonda tendencies kwi-ngamazwe insolvency umthetho kwaye ingakumbi kwi-Swiss ngamazwe banking insolvency umthetho. Owokuqala meko umthetho Swiss Federal Supreme Inkundla waba emilisiweyo nge highly restrictive ukuchazwa unguye. et i-seq SPILA insisting kwi protective ukuchazwa Swiss ngamazwe insolvency umthetho.
Imizamo isigqibo delivers i-impression ukuba Swiss Federal Supreme Inkundla ekugqibeleni uqwalasela ngamazwe inyaniso kwaye - nangakumbi ebalulekileyo - inyaniso kwi-Swiss umthetho.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile incomprehensible kwaye intolerable ukuba Swiss ngamazwe banking insolvency umthetho siqulathe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ngakumbi liberal umqathango wama-kwe-Swiss ngamazwe insolvency umthetho yokugqibela ekubeni kufanelekileyo, kokukhona rhoqo. Oku unsatisfactory isemthethweni imeko nguye ngenxa uncoordinated inkqubo revising kwaye adopting Swiss umthetho. Ngethemba, Swiss Federal Supreme Inkundla iza kuqhubeka ukulandela ngamazwe inyaniso kwaye amkele ngakumbi generous indlela kanjalo kwezinye ngemiba Swiss ngamazwe insolvency umthetho, umzekelo mayela namandla omoya bankruptcy umlawuli kwi-Iswitzerland.
